Facebook Inc opened up its Internet.org platform to new websites and
applications from developers on Monday, a move the social media giant
said would boost efforts to get people online in low-income and rural
areas in emerging markets.
However, the decision drew criticism
from some online activists in India who expressed concern over
Facebook's control over all data accessed on the service and said it
violated the principles of an open web.
Internet.org offers free
access via mobile phones to pared-down web services, focused on job
listings, agricultural information, healthcare and education, as well as
Facebook's own social network and messaging services.
It has
been launched in nine countries in Africa, Latin America and Asia,
including India, bringing over 8 million people online, said Chris
Daniels, vice president of product for Internet.org, who was in New
Delhi to speak with partners and operators.
The platform will be
open to all developers who meet certain guidelines, including that they
produce content that can be browsed on both basic mobile phones as well
as smartphones and is accessible in limited bandwidth situations,
Facebook said.
The U.S. company partnered with Reliance Communications (RLCM.NS) to launch Internet.org in India in February.
But
a number of e-commerce firms and content developers pulled out of the
service after activists claimed it violated principles of net neutrality
- the concept that all websites on the internet are treated equally.
Nikhil
Pahwa, volunteer with pro-net neutrality campaign group
savetheinternet.in, said the service would cause a permanent shift in
the way the internet works.
"Did we give unlimited free calls to
people so that more people start making calls? So why this almost
patronizing approach to the Internet. You're effectively disadvantaging
other companies and broader usage of the web," said Pahwa, who is also
the founder of Medianama.com, a New Delhi-based digital media
publication.
But Daniels said Internet.org was open to mobile operators and involved no payments, either to or from the developers.
"The principles of neutrality must co-exist with programs that also encourage bringing people online," he told Reuters.
Facebook
Chief Executive Mark Zuckerberg said in a video post: "Access equals
opportunity. Net neutrality should not prevent access. We need both,
it's not an equal Internet if the majority of people can't participate."